The specific functions of NAST are to:

1. Undertake studies/reports on the achievements of S&T in the country.
2. Advise the Government on the formulation of technology transfer policy and its implementation.
3. Implement S&T programs in collaboration with national and international organizations.
4. Conduct and promote research in priority areas of science and technology.
5. Collect and disseminate S&T information through a central S&T Information System.
6. Organize seminars and conferences on S&T topics and help facilitate S&T publications.
7. Establish and strengthen linkages with regional and international institutions in order to promote mutual cooperation.
8. Mobilize internal and external resources both financial and technical, for S&T development as well as to carry out the activities of the Academy.
9. Give recognition to outstanding individual and institutional contribution for development, promotion and application of S&T.
10. Enhance public awareness towards the importance and usefulness of S&T as well as to create conditions conducive for S&T application.
11. Advise Government of Nepal on S&T development programs.
12. Advise Government of Nepal on the establishment of new institutions or laboratories for S&T related research and development.
13. Provide financial and technical assistance for the establishment and development of new S&T institutions/laboratories.
14. Set up centers for S&T related innovations and innovative models.
15. Undertake all necessary measures to achieve the goals and objectives of the Academy.